Phalloplasty and metoidioplasty are two surgical procedures used to create a penis in individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) who identify as male or non-binary. However, the procedures differ in several ways.
Phalloplasty involves constructing a penis using tissue from other parts of the body, such as the forearm, thigh, or abdomen. The surgeon creates a shaft and glans (head) for the penis, and also creates a urethra so the individual can urinate through the penis. Phalloplasty is typically a multi-stage procedure that requires several surgeries over a period of months or years.
Metoidioplasty, on the other hand, involves releasing the clitoris from the surrounding tissue to increase its size and create a penis-like structure. The surgeon also creates a urethra so the individual can urinate through the penis. Metoidioplasty is usually a one-stage procedure that takes several hours to complete.
There are advantages and disadvantages to both procedures. Phalloplasty generally creates a larger penis than metoidioplasty and may be preferred by individuals who want a more typical male-sized penis. However, phalloplasty is a more complex and invasive procedure that involves more surgeries and longer recovery time. Metoidioplasty, on the other hand, is a simpler procedure with a shorter recovery time, but the resulting penis may be smaller than some individuals desire.
Ultimately, the choice between phalloplasty and metoidioplasty depends on the individual's goals and priorities, as well as their individual anatomy and medical history. It's important for individuals considering either procedure to consult with a qualified surgeon who can provide information and guidance on the best option for them.